How to make prints more expressive
As an important kind of textile pattern, the expression techniques and techniques of printed patterns are not static, they are constantly changing with the process change and the discovery and application of new materials, but in general they can be summarized as the opposite. Different treatment methods for lines and planes.
1, the performance of the point
The point itself has an active, beating characteristic, which can be used alone in the design of the print pattern, and can also be used as an auxiliary for lines and surfaces. The change of the size, density, lightness and weight of the point can effectively express the texture of the object and the change of the light and shade, the primary and secondary, and the virtual reality, and increase the expressiveness of the pattern. Especially in the case where the color registration is limited, the use of the point will be particularly important.
(1) Single point. "Point" independence exists as a visual image. It is larger than the usual point, and can be used alone or in combination, and can have monochromatic, multi-color, regular and irregular changes. Dots are used most in prints and are used separately on the screen to act as a static, break, flat, and appropriate embellishment.
(2) Meeting point. Pointing aggregation, grouping and use. The expressions of the rendezvous in the printed pattern are rich and varied, and generally have the following main forms: 1 mud location. It is composed of small and dense points, which can be used as an expression of flat decorative effect, and can also express three-dimensional spatial light and shadow effects. There can be changes in density, dispersion, monochrome, and multi-color. The mud location can show a more delicate image, structure, and a soft transition. 2 silk mud points. The mud is organized in a strip shape, from dense to sparse, mainly used to express the turning of the petals and the slight fluctuations in the structure. 3 ice spots. Also known as the betel nut point, it consists of irregular, non-overlapping small geometric shapes, which are mostly four to six-sided. It can be a flat effect, or it can be a gradual change.
(3) Reference to the midpoint of art works. The design of the print pattern should continue to enrich its own expressions and absorb the expressions of different art forms for my use. In the Song Dynasty Fan Kuan's "Xishan Travel Map", the wrinkling method of the mountain stone successfully demonstrated the majesty of the northern landscape and has become a classic method of landscape painting. The Song Dynasty's "Mijia Yunshan" is also a point of expression as the main expression, and is a special expression of the special feelings of the south and the south. In addition, it is worth mentioning that Xu Wei's outstanding performance in calligraphy and painting, his mad grass "Du Fu Shi Axis", the expression of the whole text strokes has a strong tendency to point, there is no ancient people; and another ink grape axis, the whole almost It consists of dots of different sizes. The branches and fruits in the frame are indistinguishable, and it is not necessary to distinguish them. The spotted spots and the wet pens are full of anger. In modern times, the points used in the pictures of Huang Binhong and Yan Tianshou are all experienced. Impressionist painters use more improvisational and intuitive ingredients, while point paintings are much more rational. Patterns of this style have been seen in print designs since the 20th century. In addition, the localization of design is a problem that cannot be ignored. Designers should pay attention to the construction of their own knowledge structure and strengthen their understanding of the cultural traditions of the nation, especially Chinese painting and calligraphy.
2, the performance of the line
The line is an important modeling element in the design of printed patterns, and it is also an effective expression for shaping the image. The lines exhibited by different tools have different personalities; the same tool can be used to express lines with different characteristics due to the light weight, quickness, positive side, and reverse direction. In addition, the line has changes in twists, lengths, thicknesses, smoothness and retention, smoothness and roughness. This makes the line have an unusually rich and varied expression, and the regular lines of the printed pattern are:
(1) Modeling line. The structure, appearance, etc. of the pattern are completely expressed by lines and are a common technique in printed patterns. The East-West understanding of the line is different. Although it is also expressed in the form of line drawing, the connotation and temperament of the lines of the respective systems are very different. In comparison, the oriental line represented by Chinese calligraphy and painting has more changes and independent aesthetic taste than the western line.
(2) Decorative lines. Do not emphasize the various changes of the line itself, usually expressed as uniform, light, thick and appropriate, but have a strong decorative. Such as the edge line in the pattern, the boundary line of the pattern, and the like. The traditional paisley pattern is mainly expressed by the decorative structure of the lines.
(3) 撇 silk. A technique commonly used in printing patterns is suitable for the gradation of the expression surface, the construction of the structure, the light and shadow, and the like. The painting method of Qingtian Nantian Chrysanthemum is slightly similar to this. If you can get some brushwork experience from it, you can make the silk technique less a bit more flamboyant.
(4) Drawing on the lines in art works. Chinese calligraphy is known as the art of the line and is recognized as an outstanding representative of the performance art of the line. Many calligraphers in history have provided a wide variety of classic examples for the performance of the line. In the works of Huai Su, Zhang Xu, Huang Tingjian, Xu Wenchang, Zhang Ruitu, Ni Yuanzhang and other books, the reading of the words seems to be less important, even redundant, and the lines themselves have a strong appeal and expressive power. The line is all, expressing everything the author wants to express. Compared with the lines of calligraphy, the lines of the woodcut New Year paintings seem to have more decorative features; while the ink lines of Chen Baiyang, Bada Shanren, Pu Zuoying, etc., their lines of temperament reveal the colorful Chinese line drawing. The richness of performance.
3·face performance
The face is one of the most basic styling techniques in prints. Can be divided into three categories: flat coated surface, virtual solid surface and decorative surface.
(1) Flat coated surface. Evenly painted, no shade change, visually represented as a planar space of the second element, the effect is relatively simple and concise, such as the shadow painting method, the boundary road white method and so on. However, a three-dimensional shape can also be realized by a combination of multiple block faces. This method of displaying solid shapes in block form is more common in print design.
(2) Virtual real face. On the basis of the monochromatic flat coating, the block surface of the pattern is changed from solid to virtual, from thick to thin, from rich to light. The specific expression methods are:
1 mud point method: on the basis of the monochromatic flat coating, the transition from the dense to the mud point is connected, the dense points overlap, the sparse particles are distinct, and the sparse and dense transition is uniform.
2 dry brush method: also known as the dry pen, with a relatively dry and saturated color pen quickly swept out the effect of the virtual and real pen. Use a pen to be simple, and it is better to use a cross-over copy.
3 rendering method: the flat color block is dampened with a clear water pen to dye the change effect of the shade.
4 silk method: according to the structural characteristics of the pattern, it extends from the partially flat surface, and the line with the thickness changes is dense, and one head is denser and one head is sparse. The pen is required to be clear, and the strokes are not crossed. According to the difference in the size of the strokes, it is divided into: 1) thick silk: the distance between the brush stroke and the stroke is relatively sparse, the transition between the virtual and the real is faster, the level conversion is not too soft, and it is often used in the performance of small flowers. 2) Fine silk: The arrangement between the brush stroke and the brush stroke is dense, the transition between the virtual and the real is relatively gentle, the lines are undulating, and have strong expressive power.
(3) Decorative surface. Add a variety of decorative elements inside the flat surface to enrich the monotonous plane. While achieving a simple and simple effect on the whole, the details also have a more meticulous and pleasing side. Folk paper-cutting often uses the expression of the decorative face of the flower set.
(4) Drawing on the expression of things. In the understanding and application of the face, the East and the West also show a big difference, the East is used to expressing the relationship between the yin and yang of the object, while the West is more accustomed to the use of block painting as the performance of light and shadow.
The typical expression of oriental art represents the performance of the face in Chinese painting: Xu Wenchang's ink peony, the use of the face focuses on the use of pen and ink color change, the expression of the picture is the high unity of image and image. In the landscape painting, the axe and the paralysis focus on the relationship between the yin and yang of the mountain and the stone. The Song people's works are the rendering of the three-flowered heads of the sacred beauty, the slanting side, and the back to the three-headed head. The objects in the eyes of Cézanne are only a combination of different basic forms, Matisse. The picture emphasizes the flat decorative effect and the free and casual performance of the brush stroke, which is more obviously inspired by the oriental art. There are various expression techniques and expressions in traditional folk art, such as the treatment of paper-cut decorative surfaces, the extremely satisfactory performance of Wuxi paper horse color blocks, the black-and-white contrast and the real and false changes of the portrait stone rubbings.
4·Point, line, and surface combination
Most of the prints are a comprehensive expression of points, lines and faces. In the combined composition of the dotted line, generally one or two of the elements are dominant, and the other is supplemented with the rest, and the average is not treated, so that the picture has no distinction between the primary and the secondary, and it appears messy.
5. The expansion of special performance techniques
In the printing pattern, especially in the design of printing and dyeing patterns, with the emergence and development of transfer printing and computer printing, the performance of the printing patterns is less and less restricted by the process. For the sake of visual effects, it is necessary to use certain techniques and make some special textures to enrich the picture. Commonly used methods include: staining, spraying, rubbing, scoring, moxibustion, grinding, wrinkling, adsorption, collage, photography, and crayon. The changes in special performance techniques can be summarized as:
(1) Expansion of materials. The texture of rice paper, watercolor paper, kraft paper, craft paper, etc. are different. Oil painting, watercolor, Chinese paint and other materials also have their own characteristics.
(2) With changes. Brushes, water chalks, oil brushes, oil painting knives, pastels, crayons, pencils, etc., as long as the picture is needed, all the things that can be thought of are the tools of performance.
(3) Synthesis of performance methods. By combining various common techniques, you can get rich picture effects: contrast between dry and wet painting, comprehensive use of Chinese painting and western painting, juxtaposition of realistic and decorative, combination of hand-painted and material expression, painting and rubbing Combinations, tools with the same material, different materials for the same tool, etc.
In addition, you can use a computer to perform auxiliary processing of effects. In short, different methods can be used to achieve different visual textures. However, as the application of the texture effect, it is necessary to meet the requirements of the production process, and it must have a certain cost consciousness.